Sensitive Teeth Explained!

Why Are My Teeth Sensitive?

Sensitive teeth explained: Tooth sensitivity, or dentin hypersensitivity, is a common dental condition characterized by discomfort or pain in response to certain stimuli, such as hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods and beverages. While it’s often a temporary issue, persistent sensitivity may indicate underlying oral health problems. Understanding the causes of tooth sensitivity can help you take steps to address and prevent it.

Causes of Tooth Sensitivity

a) Teeth Sensitivity caused by Enamel Erosion

What Happens: Enamel, the outermost layer of the teeth, protects the underlying dentin. When enamel wears away, it exposes the dentin. The dentin contains tiny tubules that connect to the tooth’s nerve center, making the teeth sensitive.

Common Causes:

Acidic foods and drinks

Aggressive brushing with a hard-bristled toothbrush

Acid reflux

b) Teeth Sensitivity caused by Gum Recession

What Happens: Receding gums expose the tooth roots, which lack the protective enamel layer and teeth become more sensitive.

Common Causes:

Gum disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

Improper brushing techniques

Aging

c) Tooth Decay and Cavities Leading to Sensitivity

What Happens: Decay creates holes in the enamel, exposing the dentin and allowing stimuli to reach the nerves.

d) Cracked or Chipped Teeth Leading to Sensitivity

What Happens: Cracks or chips in teeth can expose the dentin and nerves, leading to heightened sensitivity.

e) Teeth Grinding (Bruxism)

What Happens: Chronic grinding or clenching of teeth can wear down enamel, exposing dentin and causing sensitivity.

f) Recent Dental Procedures

What Happens: Teeth may be temporarily sensitive after treatments such as whitening, fillings, crowns, or cleanings.

g) Use of Whitening Products can Lead to Teeth Sensitivity

What Happens: Ingredients in whitening toothpaste or treatments can irritate the teeth and gums, leading to sensitivity.

h) Plaque Buildup

What Happens: Excess plaque can wear down enamel and irritate gums, contributing to sensitivity.

i) Medical Conditions

What Happens: Conditions like dry mouth or acid reflux can contribute to enamel erosion and sensitivity.

Managing Tooth Sensitivity

a) Practice Good Oral Hygiene

Brush twice a day with a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste.

Floss daily to remove plaque and prevent gum disease.

b) Use Desensitizing Toothpaste

Specialized toothpastes can block nerve signals and reduce sensitivity over time.

c) Avoid Acidic Foods and Drinks

Limit consumption of citrus fruits, soda, and wine. Rinse with water after eating acidic foods to neutralize acids.

d) Modify Brushing Habits

Use gentle, circular motions instead of harsh scrubbing to protect enamel and gums.

Replace hard-bristled toothbrushes with softer ones.

e) Address Underlying Issues

Treat gum disease, cavities, or grinding with the help of a dentist.

f) Use a Mouthguard

If you grind your teeth, a custom-fit mouthguard can protect enamel and reduce sensitivity.

g) Seek Professional Treatment

Dentists can apply fluoride treatments, dental sealants, or bonding agents to protect sensitive areas.

When to See a Dentist for Tooth Sensitivity

If sensitivity persists despite at-home care, consult a dentist. Do the same if you notice other symptoms like swelling, pain, or visible decay. Persistent sensitivity may indicate a more serious issue that requires professional intervention.

Tooth sensitivity is manageable with the right care and preventative measures. Address the root cause and maintain good oral hygiene. This way, you can reduce sensitivity and protect your teeth for the long term.

References

American Dental Association. “Tooth Sensitivity: Causes and Treatment.” Available at: https://www.ada.org

Mayo Clinic. “Tooth Sensitivity Causes and Remedies.” Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org

Cleveland Clinic. “Why Are My Teeth Sensitive?” Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org